What Is the Comparative Efficacy of Surgical, Endoscopic, Transanal Resection, and Radiotherapy Modalities in the Treatment of Rectal Cancer?

Background: Rectal cancer is a significant healthcare burden, and effective treatment crucial. This research aims to compare the effectiveness of surgical endoscopic resection, transanal radiotherapy. Methods: A literature analysis was conducted in order identify relevant studies, by comparing different approaches variables affecting decisions. The findings were analyzed synthesized provide comprehensive overview. Results: Surgical treatment, particularly TME (total mesorectal excision), proved consistent efficacy achieving complete tumor resection improving long-term survival. Endoscopic techniques promising for early-stage tumors but associated with higher local recurrence rates. Radiotherapy, especially combination chemotherapy, played crucial role locally advanced cases, control reducing risk. Patient data, characteristics, system factors identified as important modality selection. Conclusion: specifically TME, remains recommended standard approach rectal cancer, providing excellent oncological outcomes. can be considered selected while radiotherapy beneficial tumors. Treatment decisions should personalized based on patient considering available resources expertise within system.